Which type of joint has an articular cavity and allows for movement?

The diarthrodial joint, also known as a synovial joint, is characterized by the presence of an articular cavity and allows for a significant range of motion between the bones it connects. The articular cavity is filled with synovial fluid, which reduces friction and provides cushioning during movement. This type of joint is designed for mobility and is found in locations such as the shoulders, knees, and hips.

In contrast, the other types of joints mentioned do not possess an articular cavity and generally allow for little to no movement. For example, synarthrosis joints are immovable, amphiarthrosis joints allow for slight movement, and fibrous joints are connected by dense connective tissue with no synovial cavity, further restricting movement. The presence of the articular cavity is essential for the flexibility and function seen in diarthrodial joints, making them critical for many physical activities.