What characterizes water soluble vitamins?

Water-soluble vitamins, which include the B-complex vitamins and vitamin C, are characterized primarily by their use or secretion in the body. These vitamins dissolve in water and are easily absorbed into the bloodstream. Unlike fat-soluble vitamins, which can be stored in the liver and fatty tissues, water-soluble vitamins are not stored to a significant extent. Instead, they are utilized by the body as needed, and any excess is generally excreted through urine.

This characteristic emphasizes the importance of regular dietary intake of water-soluble vitamins because they must be replenished frequently. A balanced diet rich in fruit, vegetables, grains, and proteins can provide the necessary amounts of these vitamins. Notably, while some water-soluble vitamins can have toxic effects if taken in excessive amounts, this is not a defining characteristic when compared to others. Moreover, while water-soluble vitamins can be found in both animal and plant sources, it is incorrect to say they are always obtained from animal sources since many, particularly certain B vitamins and vitamin C, are abundant in plant foods.